Potential assessment in laser powder bed fusion of bionic porous Ti scaffolds concerning compressive behavior, porosity, and surface roughness

About Course

Porous titanium scaffolds are transforming the world of orthopedic applications, offering unmatched biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and seamless integration with human bone 🦴✨. Produced through Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) 🖨️🔥, these innovative scaffolds are engineered with precise porosity, compressive strength, and surface roughness to meet the demanding requirements of load-bearing implants. 🌟 This course takes you on a journey into the advanced techniques of LPBF, showcasing how parameter optimization enhances scaffold performance and bridges the gap between cutting-edge additive manufacturing ⚙️🔬 and groundbreaking biomedical solutions 🌍💡.

Abstract:

This work is performed to describe an optimization strategy to cope with the critical need for bio-implants with mechanical properties that closely resemble natural bone(cortical and trabecular), aiming to reduce stressshielding effects and improve implant efficacy. An investigation was conducted on fracture mechanics, surface integrity, porosity, and cytotoxicity of bio-implants fabricated using Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) technol ogy. By varying laser energy density and applying post-processing multi-stage heat treatment (Annealing plus Aging), the bio-mechanical performance of dense and porous implants was optimized and tuned. The materials used include biomedical titanium alloys, which were selected for their superior biocompatibility and mechanical strength. This innovative approach enhanced bone healing, with 87% and 87.7% growth rates and a significant increase in compressive strength by approximately 84.62% post-treatment. These improvements are attributed to densification and elimination of microstructural defects, leading to increased biocompatibility and accelerated osseointegration, essential for the success of orthopedic implants.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.09.209

1. **Fundamentals of Porous Titanium Scaffolds**
- Understand the importance of porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical strength in biomedical implants.
- Learn how porous scaffolds enhance osseointegration and load distribution in orthopedic applications.
2. **Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) Technology**
- Gain in-depth knowledge of LPBF as an advanced additive manufacturing technique.
- Explore its process parameters, including laser power, scanning speed, and hatch spacing, and how they influence scaffold properties.
3. **Material Properties of Titanium Alloys**
- Learn why Ti6Al4V is the material of choice for implants.
- Understand the microstructure and mechanical behavior of titanium alloys.
4. **Designing Porous Scaffolds**
- Master the design of scaffolds with optimized porosity using CAD tools and unit cell structures.
- Discover how to balance porosity with compressive strength for enhanced performance.
5. **Optimization Techniques in LPBF**
- Learn to optimize LPBF parameters to achieve desired scaffold properties like surface roughness, compressive strength, and porosity.
- Understand the relationship between processing conditions and implant functionality.
6. **Characterization and Testing**
- Evaluate scaffold performance using methods like compression testing, porosity analysis (micro-CT), and surface roughness measurement.
- Analyze microstructure using SEM, EDS, and XRD to study material phases and composition.
7. **Applications and Future Trends**
- Discover the current and future uses of porous titanium scaffolds in orthopedics and dentistry.
- Learn about innovations in LPBF for creating personalized implants and multi-material scaffolds.
This course will equip you with the knowledge and skills to design, optimize, and evaluate porous titanium implants, bridging the gap between cutting-edge research and real-world medical applications.

Course Content

Module 1: Introduction to Biomedical Implants

Module 2: Fundamentals of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF)

Module 3: Materials Used in LPBF for Implants

Module 4: Designing Porous Scaffolds

Module 5: Optimization of LPBF Process Parameters

Module 6: Characterization and Testing of Implants

Module 7: Microstructural and Elemental Analysis

Module 8: Applications and Future Trends

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